John Belton, American Cinema/American Culture. Boston: McGraw- Hill, 3rd edition, 2009. Paperback.
Andrew Spicer, Film Noir. Longman, 2002. Paperback.
Robert B. Ray: A Certain Tendency of the Hollywood Cinema, 1930-1980 , 1985. Princeton University Press.
Alain Silver & James Ursini (Editors) : Film Noir Reader , 1996. Limelight Editions.
Alain Silver and James Ursini (editors): Gangster Film Reader, 2007. Limelight Editions.